Punca-punca Keracunan Makanan

                                         

Belakangan ini, kita seringkali dikejutkan dengan kejadian keracunan makanan. Keracunan makanan merupakan penyakit yang berlaku apabila kita termakan makanan yang tercemar dengan bakteria atau bahan kimia. Jika kita tidak dapat menangani masalah ini dengan baik, penyakit ini boleh mengakibatkan maut. Secara sedar atau tidak, ramai di antara kita telah mengalami keracunan makanan sekurang-kurangnya sekali setahun. Dari segi perundangan, negara kita mempunyai Akta Makanan 1983. Akta ini adalah bertujuan untuk melindungai orang ramai daripada terkena penipuan dalam penyediaan, penjualan dan penggunaan makanan. Walaupun begitu, kejadian keracunan makanan tetap juga sering berlaku dalam kalangan masyarakat kita.

Keracunan makanan boleh berlaku daripada pelbagai punca. Berikut adalah punca-punca keracunan makanan iaitu bakteria, mikro-organisma, virus, racun atau toksin protozoa dan bahan-bahan kimia. 

1. Keracunan dari bakteria.

Campylobacterosis adalah disebabkan oleh bakteria. Campylobacter jenis ini adalah terdapat dalam ayam mentah, daging dan susu tidak pasteur. Tanda-tanda keracunan bermula antara 2-5 hari selepas makan. Selain daripada tanda-tanda umum, pesakit juga akan mengalami demam dan najis akan mengandungi darah.

2. Keracunan dari toksin. 

Penyakit ini berlaku adalah kerana penyediaan air yang tidak bersih. Tanda-tanda umum yang akan dialami oleh pesakit adalah 1-8 jam selepas makan. Keracunan jenis ini tidak melebihi 24 jam. Kebiasaannya, pesakit juga akan mengalami cirit-birit dan jarang berlaku yang menyebabkan maut. 

3. Keracunan dari virus.

Hepatitis A adalah disebabkan oleh virus yang terdapat dalam kerang dan siput-siput yang ditangkap di dalam air yang dicemari oleh air kumbahan dan sayur-sayuran mentah yang tidak dibersihkan dengan sempurna. Tanda-tanda keracunan ini adalah bermula dari 2-6 minggu selepas makan. Pesakit akan mengalami demam, lemah badan dan tidak berselera. Bagi sesetengah kes yang parah, akan berlaku kerosakan hati dan akan membawa maut. Selain itu, Norwalkvirus adalah disebabkan oleh  virus Norwalk yang terdapat dalam kerang dan siput-siput yang ditangkap di kawasan yang dicemari najis manusia. 

4. Keracunan dari protozoa.

Giardiasis disebabkan oleh proptozoa Giardia yang terdapat dalam saluran usus dan najis manusia. Menggunakan air kumbahan sebagai baja tanaman sayur dan penyediaan makanan tidak membersihkan tangan adalah punca berlaku keracunan ini.  Tanda-tanda keracunan ini  ialah kawasan badan di sekitar hati dan usus besar menjadi lembut, cirit-birit, rasa berdebar, kehilangan berat badan dan lemah.

Terdapat pelbagai punca berlakunya keracunan makanan. Oleh itu, sebagai pengguna kita haruslah bijak dalam memilih makanan yang baik dan sihat. Sentiasa menjaga kebersihan dapur dan sekitar kawasan rumah. 

Swimming

     

Swimming is one of the most popular recreational sport in Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). Almost one of fifty people suggest swimming as their favourite sport and claims to do so at least 30 minutes every week. However, despite the popularity of swimming, there are still the majority of UUM students who cannot swim. Health expert are continuously encouraging them to increase their fitness especially through swimming since it can help to improve the physical wellbeing of the students.

While most fitness experts are quick to point out the inherent benefits of swimming, most people are unable to swim for even 20 minutes at a stretch. Unfortunately, poor technique makes swimming harder for them than it needs to be. The good news is that, if done correctly, swimming allows anyone of any age to become fit. Professional swimmers advise anyone who wants to become fitter and more effective in a swimming pool to take swimming lessons.

One of the most popular swimming strokes is the breaststroke. However, many swimmer fail to make the most of this highly efficient swimming stroke. Timing is critical. The swimmer's arm and leg actions must follow one another smoothly and regularly. One of the best ways to practise your kick is to lie  on your back in the water and just use your legs to move. This strengthens your kick while making it more regular and smooth. As with all swimming strokes, Breathing properly in the breaststroke is essential.

There are many different statistics that prove the benefits of swimming. Water is 1000 times denser thai air and it provides up to 12 times the resistance you get when exercising on land. Water also helps to support your entire body. This means you are less likely to cause injury to yourself when exercising in water.

The benefits of swimming are undeniably positive. One recent study shows that men who swim several times a week not only live longer than walkers and runners, but they also have better heart and lung fitness. For children suffering from asthma, swimming is extremely beneficial. Best of all, swimming is ideal for all ages. Equipped with tips from a swimming coach, anyone can improve their fitness in a fun and enjoyable way. So, let's swimming...

Benefits of Using Internet

                                            

1. Internet Banking

     Internet banking can help people from wasting time for waiting for their turn to carry out bank transaction. Internet banking is easy way of dealing with bank transaction safely and quickly. It also offers a range of possible transactions such as bill payments and transfers. Internet banking is convenient also that it is available twenty-four hours a day.

2. Information

     As a student, the internet is very important in education. This is because we can get a piece of information more easily and quickly. We can find some information to make an assignment with using the internet. Besides, we can also share information with friends. We are unable to send or receive information via email. Email servive is free and can reach recipients more quickly.

3. Business Opportunities

     Internet business opportunity is wide. We can take this opportunity to do business online. The online business can reduce costs because we can make internet advertising like facebook. This can facilitate customers purchase items that they want.

4. Entertaiment

     By using internet, we can get a variety of entertaimant. Usually, for the teenagers entertaiment can help them  to release tension. If we are interested in k-pop, we can get news about k-pop artists via internet. We also can download a k-pop song or some vedios that we love.